On 10 July 1941 in Jedwabne, in the Łomża district, almost all the Jewish inhabitants who were in the town that day were murdered; several hundred people were driven into a barn and burnt alive. The IPN investigation, concluded in 2003, established that the direct perpetrators were Polish inhabitants of Jedwabne and the surrounding area, and that the Germans inspired the crime and permitted it. The number of victims remains disputed: the IPN concluded that at least 340 people were killed.