People
(528)The people who brought about the war and waged it.
Commanders, politicians and rulers, described through their part in the events of the chronicle. Each page lists the battles the person commanded and the events on the timeline in which they appear.
GermanyAdolf Hitler1889–1945Leader of the NSDAP (1921–1945), Reich Chancellor (1933–1945), Führer and Reich Chancellor (1934–1945), supreme commander of the Wehrmacht
Soviet UnionJoseph Stalin1878–1953People's Commissar for Nationalities (1917–1923), General Secretary of the Communist Party (from 1922), Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR (from 1941)
United KingdomWinston Churchill1874–1965Home Secretary (1910–1911), First Lord of the Admiralty (1911–1915, 1939–1940), Secretary of State for War (1919–1921), Chancellor of the Exchequer (1924–1929), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1940–1945, 1951–1955)
United StatesFranklin D. Roosevelt1882–1945Assistant Secretary of the Navy (1913–1920), Governor of New York (1929–1932), 32nd President of the United States (1933–1945)
ItalyBenito Mussolini1883–1945Founder of the Fasci di combattimento (1919) and the National Fascist Party (1921), Prime Minister of Italy and Duce of Fascism (1922–1943), leader of the Italian Social Republic (1943–1945)
JapanHirohito1901–1989Regent (1921–1926), Emperor of Japan (1926–1989), supreme commander of the army and navy (until 1945)
ChinaChiang Kai-shek1887–1975Commandant of the Whampoa Academy (1924–1926), commander-in-chief of the National Revolutionary Army (from 1926), leader of the Republic of China (1928–1949), president on Taiwan (1950–1975)
FranceCharles de Gaulle1890–1970Commander of the 4th Armoured Division (1940), Under-Secretary of State for War (1940), leader of Free France (1940–1943), Chairman of the Provisional Government (1944–1946), President of France (1959–1969)
United StatesDwight D. Eisenhower1890–1969Chief of the Operations Division (1942), commander of ETOUSA (1942), Supreme Commander, Allied Expeditionary Force (1944–1945), General of the Army (1944), President of the United States (1953–1961)
Soviet UnionGeorgy Zhukov1896–1974Commander of Soviet forces at Khalkhin Gol (1939), Chief of the General Staff (1941), Deputy Supreme Commander-in-Chief (1942–1945), Marshal of the Soviet Union (from 1943), Soviet Minister of Defence (1955–1957)
United StatesDouglas MacArthur1880–1964Chief of Staff of the US Army (1930–1935), commander of USAFFE (1941–1942) and of the South West Pacific Area (1942–1945), Supreme Commander in Japan (1945–1951), General of the Army
PolandWładysław Sikorski1881–1943Commander of the Fifth Army (1920), Prime Minister (1922–1923), Minister of Military Affairs (1924–1925), Prime Minister of the Polish government-in-exile and Commander-in-Chief (1939–1943)
EraCountry
528 people
A
- Rashid Ali al-Gaylani1892–1965
- Mohammed Amin al-Husseini1895–1974
- Mikhail Alekseyev1857–1918
- Yevgeny Alekseyev1843–1917
- Harold Alexander1891–1969
- Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich1878–1918
- Władysław Anders1892–1970
- Mordechai Anielewicz1919–1943
- Ion Antonescu1882–1946
- Amedeo, Duke of Aosta1898–1942
- Albert Apponyi1846–1933
- Hachirō Arita1884–1965
- Henry H. Arnold1886–1950
- Mustafa Kemal Atatürk1881–1938
- Clement Attlee1883–1967
- Claude Auchinleck1884–1981
- Archduke Joseph August1872–1962
- Charles I of Austria1887–1922
B
- Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski1899–1972
- Prince Max of Baden1867–1929
- Pietro Badoglio1871–1956
- Italo Balbo1896–1940
- Stanley Baldwin1867–1947
- Bảo Đại1913–1997
- Louis Barthou1862–1934
- Władysław Bartoszewski1922–2015
- Gustav Bauer1870–1944
- Otto Bauer1881–1938
- Max Aitken, Lord Beaverbrook1879–1964
- Józef Beck1894–1944
- Johannes Bell1868–1949
- Edvard Beneš1884–1948
- Annibale Bergonzoli1884–1973
- Lavrentiy Beria1899–1953
- Folke Bernadotte1895–1948
- William Beveridge1879–1963
- Paul Blobel1894–1951
- Werner von Blomberg1878–1946
- Léon Blum1872–1950
- Fedor von Bock1880–1945
- Vilmos Böhm1880–1949
- Pierre Boisson1894–1948
- Dietrich Bonhoeffer1906–1945
- Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski1895–1966
- Boris III1894–1943
- Martin Bormann1900–1945
- Subhas Chandra Bose1897–1945
- Tadeusz Boy-Żeleński1874–1941
- Gregory Boyington1912–1988
- Omar Bradley1893–1981
- Ion I. C. Brătianu1864–1927
- Walther von Brauchitsch1881–1948
- Eva Braun1912–1945
- Wernher von Braun1912–1977
- Aristide Briand1862–1932
- Ulrich von Brockdorff-Rantzau1869–1928
- Heinrich Brüning1885–1970
- Semyon Budyonny1883–1973
- Victor Bulwer-Lytton1876–1947
- Arleigh Burke1901–1996
C
- Fevzi Çakmak1876–1950
- Wilhelm Canaris1887–1945
- Nicolangelo Carnimeo1887–1965
- Ugo Cavallero1880–1943
- Austen Chamberlain1863–1937
- Neville Chamberlain1869–1940
- Ivan Chernyakhovsky1907–1945
- Chiang Kai-shek1887–1975
- Georgy Chicherin1872–1936
- Dietrich von Choltitz1894–1966
- Christian X1870–1947
- Vasily Chuikov1900–1982
- Winston Churchill1874–1965
- Galeazzo Ciano1903–1944
- Mark W. Clark1896–1984
- Georges Clemenceau1841–1929
- Stafford Cripps1889–1952
- Alan Cunningham1887–1983
- Andrew Cunningham1883–1963
- Adam Czerniaków1880–1942
D
- Gabriele D'Annunzio1863–1938
- Louis Franchet d’Espèrey1856–1942
- Édouard Daladier1884–1970
- François Darlan1881–1942
- Charles G. Dawes1865–1951
- Moshe Dayan1915–1981
- Jean Decoux1884–1963
- Léon Degrelle1906–1994
- Anton Denikin1872–1947
- Rudolf Diels1900–1957
- Eduard Dietl1890–1944
- John Dill1881–1944
- Roman Dmowski1864–1939
- Engelbert Dollfuss1892–1934
- Karl Dönitz1891–1980
- Jimmy Doolittle1896–1993
- Karel Doorman1889–1942
- Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki1867–1937
- Hugh Dowding1882–1970
- Anton Drexler1884–1942
- Felix Dzerzhinsky1877–1926
E
F
- Faisal I1885–1933
- Nikolaus von Falkenhorst1885–1968
- Gottfried Feder1883–1941
- Edward Fegen1891–1940
- Enrico Fermi1901–1954
- August Emil Fieldorf1895–1953
- Bogdan Filov1883–1945
- Ludwig Fischer1905–1947
- Frank Jack Fletcher1885–1973
- Ferdinand Foch1851–1929
- Albert Forster1902–1952
- Francisco Franco1892–1975
- Hans Frank1900–1946
- Karl Hermann Frank1898–1946
- Bruce Fraser1888–1981
- Roland Freisler1893–1945
- Sydney Fremantle1867–1958
- Bernard Freyberg1889–1963
- Wilhelm Frick1877–1946
- István Friedrich1883–1951
- Werner von Fritsch1880–1939
G
- Clemens August von Galen1878–1946
- William Gallacher1881–1965
- Adolf Galland1912–1996
- Maurice Gamelin1872–1958
- Mahatma Gandhi1869–1948
- Sándor Garbai1879–1947
- Italo Gariboldi1879–1970
- Charles de Gaulle1890–1970
- Hans Geisler1891–1966
- George V1865–1936
- George VI1895–1952
- Henri Giraud1879–1949
- Odilo Globočnik1904–1945
- Joseph Goebbels1897–1945
- Gojong1852–1919
- Hermann Göring1893–1946
- John Vereker, Lord Gort1886–1946
- Amon Göth1908–1946
- Agustín Muñoz Grandes1896–1970
- Rodolfo Graziani1882–1955
- Constantine I of Greece1868–1923
- Arthur Greiser1897–1946
- Wilhelm Groener1867–1939
- Leslie Groves1896–1970
- Herschel Grynszpan1921–1942
- Alexander Guchkov1862–1936
- Heinz Guderian1888–1954
H
- Haakon VII1872–1957
- Emil Hácha1872–1945
- Franz Halder1884–1972
- Józef Haller1873–1960
- William Halsey1882–1959
- Karl Hanke1903–1945
- Arthur Harris1892–1984
- Henry Harwood1888–1950
- Georgios Hatzianestis1863–1922
- Gotthard Heinrici1886–1971
- Rudolf Hess1894–1987
- Heungseon Daewongun1821–1898
- Reinhard Heydrich1904–1942
- Heinrich Himmler1900–1945
- Paul von Hindenburg1847–1934
- Franz von Hipper1863–1932
- Hirohito1901–1989
- Adolf Hitler1889–1945
- Hồ Chí Minh1890–1969
- Masaharu Homma1887–1946
- Herbert Hoover1874–1964
- Harry Hopkins1890–1946
- Miklós Horthy1868–1957
- Rudolf Höss1901–1947
- Hermann Hoth1885–1971
- Enver Hoxha1908–1985
- Billy Hughes1862–1952
- Charles Evans Hughes1862–1948
- Cordell Hull1871–1955
- Charles Huntziger1880–1941
I
J
K
- Gustav von Kahr1862–1934
- Lev Kamenev1883–1936
- Sergei Kamenev1881–1936
- Wolfgang Kapp1858–1922
- Herbert Kappler1907–1978
- Michał Karaszewicz-Tokarzewski1893–1964
- Mihály Károlyi1875–1955
- Jan Karski1914–2000
- Tarō Katsura1848–1913
- Henrik Kauffmann1888–1963
- Wilhelm Keitel1882–1946
- Frank B. Kellogg1856–1937
- John F. Kennedy1917–1963
- Alexander Kerensky1881–1970
- Albert Kesselring1885–1960
- Husband E. Kimmel1882–1968
- William Lyon Mackenzie King1874–1950
- David Kirkwood1872–1955
- Sergei Kirov1886–1934
- Mikhail Kirponos1892–1941
- Franciszek Kleeberg1888–1941
- Ewald von Kleist1881–1954
- Gentarō Kodama1852–1906
- Marie-Pierre Koenig1898–1970
- Alexander Kolchak1874–1920
- Daisaku Kōmoto1883–1955
- Jutarō Komura1855–1911
- Ivan Konev1897–1973
- Fumimaro Konoe1891–1945
- Janusz Korczak1878–1942
- Wojciech Korfanty1873–1939
- Lavr Kornilov1870–1918
- Alexandros Koryzis1885–1941
- Zofia Kossak-Szczucka1889–1968
- Abba Kovner1918–1987
- Otto Kretschmer1912–1998
- Hans Krüger1909–1988
- Emil Krukowicz-Przedrzymirski1886–1957
- Béla Kun1886–1938
- Tadamichi Kuribayashi1891–1945
- Takeo Kurita1889–1977
- Tamemoto Kuroki1844–1923
- Aleksey Kuropatkin1848–1925
- Saburō Kurusu1886–1954
- Janusz Kusociński1907–1940
- Tadeusz Kutrzeba1886–1947
L
- Johan Laidoner1884–1953
- Hans Langsdorff1894–1939
- Pierre Laval1883–1945
- Victor de Laveleye1894–1945
- Albert Lebrun1871–1950
- Philippe Leclerc1902–1947
- Wilhelm von Leeb1876–1956
- Trafford Leigh-Mallory1892–1944
- Curtis LeMay1906–1990
- Fritz-Julius Lemp1913–1941
- Vladimir Lenin1870–1924
- Leopold III1901–1983
- Li Zongren1890–1969
- Karl Liebknecht1871–1919
- Charles Lindbergh1902–1974
- Nikolai Linevich1839–1908
- Wilhelm List1880–1971
- Maxim Litvinov1876–1951
- David Lloyd George1863–1945
- Marinus van der Lubbe1909–1934
- John P. Lucas1890–1949
- Erich Ludendorff1865–1937
- Günther Lütjens1889–1941
- Walther von Lüttwitz1859–1942
- Rosa Luxemburg1871–1919
- Georgy Lvov1861–1925
- Lumley Lyster1888–1957
M
- Douglas MacArthur1880–1964
- Ramsay MacDonald1866–1937
- Iven Mackay1882–1966
- Stepan Makarov1849–1904
- Nobuaki Makino1861–1949
- Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim1867–1951
- Erich von Manstein1887–1973
- Mao Zedong1893–1976
- Gheorghe Mărdărescu1866–1938
- Iwane Matsui1878–1948
- Yōsuke Matsuoka1880–1946
- Giacomo Matteotti1885–1924
- Ba Maw1893–1977
- Karl Mayr1883–1945
- Anthony McAuliffe1898–1975
- Charles McVay1898–1968
- Emperor Meiji1852–1912
- Josef Mengele1911–1979
- Robert Menzies1894–1978
- Kirill Meretskov1897–1968
- Ioannis Metaxas1871–1941
- Draža Mihailović1893–1946
- Stanisław Mikołajczyk1901–1966
- Glenn Miller1904–1944
- Pavel Milyukov1859–1943
- Queen Min1851–1895
- Gorō Miura1847–1926
- Emilio Mola1887–1937
- Vyacheslav Molotov1890–1986
- Helmuth James von Moltke1907–1945
- Bernard Montgomery1887–1976
- Leslie Morshead1889–1959
- Ignacy Mościcki1867–1946
- Oswald Mosley1896–1980
- Traian Moșoiu1868–1932
- Jean Moulin1899–1943
- Louis Mountbatten1900–1979
- Hermann Müller1876–1931
- Edward R. Murrow1908–1965
- Benito Mussolini1883–1945
- Renya Mutaguchi1888–1966
N
O
P
- Juho Kusti Paasikivi1870–1956
- Waldemar Pabst1880–1970
- Ignacy Jan Paderewski1860–1941
- Mohammad Reza Pahlavi1919–1980
- Theodoros Pangalos1878–1952
- Alexandros Papagos1883–1955
- Franz von Papen1879–1969
- Anastasios Papoulas1857–1935
- Keith Park1892–1975
- Konstantin Päts1874–1956
- George S. Patton1885–1945
- Friedrich Paulus1890–1957
- Ante Pavelić1889–1959
- Dmitry Pavlov1897–1941
- Alexander Pechersky1909–1990
- Gyula Peidl1873–1943
- Joachim Peiper1915–1976
- Peng Dehuai1898–1974
- Arthur Percival1887–1966
- Philippe Pétain1856–1951
- Plaek Phibunsongkhram1897–1964
- Witold Pilecki1901–1948
- Józef Piłsudski1867–1935
- Pius XI1857–1939
- Pius XII1876–1958
- William Platt1885–1975
- Raymond Poincaré1860–1934
- Charles Portal1893–1971
- Dudley Pound1877–1943
- Sebastiano Visconti Prasca1883–1961
- Constantin Prezan1861–1943
- Günther Prien1908–1941
- Puyi1906–1967
- Ernie Pyle1900–1945
Q
R
- Władysław Raczkiewicz1885–1947
- Edward Raczyński1891–1993
- Erich Raeder1876–1960
- Mátyás Rákosi1892–1971
- Bertram Ramsay1883–1945
- Maciej Rataj1884–1940
- Cyryl Ratajski1875–1942
- Walther Rathenau1867–1922
- Karl Renner1870–1950
- Ludwig von Reuter1869–1943
- Paul Reynaud1878–1966
- Joachim von Ribbentrop1893–1946
- Emanuel Ringelblum1900–1944
- Mikhail Rodzianko1859–1924
- Ernst Röhm1887–1934
- Konstantin Rokossovsky1896–1968
- Carol II of Romania1893–1953
- Ferdinand I of Romania1865–1927
- Michael I of Romania1921–2017
- Erwin Rommel1891–1944
- Juliusz Rómmel1881–1967
- Franklin D. Roosevelt1882–1945
- Theodore Roosevelt1858–1919
- Stefan Rowecki1895–1944
- Zinovy Rozhestvensky1848–1909
- Tadeusz Rozwadowski1866–1928
- Otto Ruge1882–1961
- Gerd von Rundstedt1875–1953
- Gheorghe Rusescu1867–1956
- Edward Rydz-Śmigły1886–1941
- Risto Ryti1889–1956
S
- Kinmochi Saionji1849–1940
- Kōtoku Satō1893–1959
- Ibn Saud1876–1953
- Reinhard Scheer1863–1928
- Philipp Scheidemann1865–1939
- Walter Schellenberg1910–1952
- Joachim Schepke1912–1941
- Baldur von Schirach1907–1974
- Kurt von Schleicher1882–1934
- Hans Scholl1918–1943
- Sophie Scholl1921–1943
- Kurt Schuschnigg1897–1977
- Hans von Seeckt1866–1936
- Karl Seitz1869–1950
- Haile Selassie1892–1975
- Irena Sendler1910–2008
- Arthur Seyss-Inquart1892–1946
- Reza Shah1878–1944
- Mamoru Shigemitsu1887–1957
- Emanuel Shinwell1884–1986
- Hjalmar Siilasvuo1892–1947
- Władysław Sikorski1881–1943
- Horia Sima1906–1993
- Dušan Simović1882–1962
- Otto Skorzeny1908–1975
- William Slim1891–1970
- Antanas Smetona1874–1944
- Jan Smuts1870–1950
- James Somerville1882–1949
- Richard Sorge1895–1944
- Stanisław Sosabowski1892–1967
- Kazimierz Sosnkowski1885–1969
- Hugo Sperrle1885–1953
- Raymond Spruance1886–1969
- Joseph Stalin1878–1953
- Aleksandar Stamboliyski1879–1923
- Franz Stangl1908–1971
- Stefan Starzyński1893–1939
- Claus von Stauffenberg1907–1944
- Aristeidis Stergiadis1861–1949
- Anatoly Stessel1848–1915
- Joseph Stilwell1883–1946
- Henry L. Stimson1867–1950
- Gustav Stresemann1878–1929
- Aurél Stromfeld1878–1927
- Jürgen Stroop1895–1952
- Kurt Student1890–1978
- Henryk Sucharski1898–1946
- Sukarno1901–1970
- Sun Yat-sen1866–1925
- Ramón Serrano Suñer1901–2003
- Sunjong1874–1926
- Kantarō Suzuki1868–1948
- Ferenc Szálasi1897–1946
- Tibor Szamuely1890–1919
- Leo Szilard1898–1964
T
- Stanisław Taczak1874–1960
- Hasan Tahsin1888–1919
- Emperor Taishō1879–1926
- Pál Teleki1879–1941
- Giuseppe Tellera1882–1941
- Masatake Terauchi1852–1919
- Josef Terboven1898–1945
- Ernst Thälmann1886–1944
- Paul Tibbets1915–2007
- Semyon Timoshenko1895–1970
- Jozef Tiso1887–1947
- István Tisza1861–1918
- Josip Broz Tito1892–1980
- Henry Tizard1885–1959
- Heihachirō Tōgō1848–1934
- Hideki Tōjō1884–1948
- John Tovey1885–1971
- Leon Trotsky1879–1940
- Harry S. Truman1884–1972
- Lucian Truscott1895–1965
- Georgios Tsolakoglou1886–1948
- Vojtech Tuka1880–1946
- Mikhail Tukhachevsky1893–1937
U
V
W
- Jonathan Wainwright1883–1953
- Wang Jingwei1883–1944
- Archibald Wavell1883–1950
- Helmuth Weidling1891–1955
- Rosslyn Wemyss1864–1933
- Maxime Weygand1867–1965
- Adrian Carton de Wiart1880–1963
- Wilhelm II1859–1941
- Henry Maitland Wilson1881–1964
- Woodrow Wilson1856–1924
- Orde Wingate1903–1944
- Henri Winkelman1876–1952
- Christian Wirth1885–1944
- Sergei Witte1849–1915
- Edward Wood (Lord Halifax)1881–1959
Y
- Aritomo Yamagata1838–1922
- Isoroku Yamamoto1884–1943
- Tomoyuki Yamashita1885–1946
- Yan Xishan1883–1960
- Ye Ting1896–1946
- Alexander Yegorov1883–1939
- Nikolai Yezhov1895–1940
- Yi Wan-yong1858–1926
- Takeo Yoshikawa1912–1993
- Owen D. Young1874–1962
- Alexander I of Yugoslavia1888–1934
- Peter II of Yugoslavia1923–1970
- Prince Paul of Yugoslavia1893–1976
Z
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