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Manchukuo
Tag
(09)
1932
March
01
The proclamation of Manchukuo
On 1 March 1932 the “independent” state of Manchukuo was proclaimed in Japanese-occupied Manchuria. At its head stood Puyi, the last emperor of China.
November
04
The pacification of Manchukuo
In the autumn of 1932 the Kwantung Army mounted large operations against the Chinese volunteer armies. The “bandit suppression” in Manchukuo lasted until 1942.
1933
January
01
The defence of the Great Wall begins
On the night of 1 January 1933 the Japanese provoked a shoot-out at Shanhaiguan. On 3 January they took the fortress at the Great Wall's eastern end.
March
27
Japan leaves the League of Nations
On 27 March 1933 Japan gave notice that it was leaving the League of Nations, in retaliation for the adoption of a report that refused to recognise Manchukuo.
May
31
The Tanggu Truce
On 31 May 1933 China and Japan signed a truce at Tanggu. Chinese troops left the zone between the Great Wall and Beijing, and Japan kept Rehe.
1936
November
14
The Suiyuan campaign
On 14 November 1936 Japanese-backed collaborationist troops attacked Hongort in Suiyuan. The Chinese repulsed them and took Bailingmiao on 24 November.
1938
July
29
The fighting at Lake Khasan begins
On 29 July 1938 the Japanese attacked a Soviet post on Bezymyannaya Hill by Lake Khasan. A dispute over two hills became a two-week battle.
August
11
The end of the fighting at Lake Khasan
On 11 August 1938 a ceasefire took effect at Lake Khasan. The USSR regained the disputed hills at great cost; Japan judged them not worth fighting for.
1939
May
11
The Battle of Khalkhin Gol begins
On 11 May 1939 near Nomonhan, on the disputed Mongolia–Manchukuo border, Mongolian and Manchukuo horsemen clashed. So began the Soviet–Japanese battle.