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Austria

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(15)

1919

March

12
- Austria demands union with GermanyOn 12 March 1919 Vienna's freely elected Constituent Assembly confirmed that German-Austria was part of the German Reich. The victors forbade the union.

September

10
- The Treaty of Saint-GermainOn 10 September 1919 Karl Renner signed peace with the Entente. Austria lost the Sudetenland and South Tyrol, was renamed and barred from union with Germany.

1921

August

25
- The US separate peace treaties with Germany and AustriaOn 24 and 25 August 1921 the US made separate peace with Austria and Germany, taking the victor's rights from the Paris treaties without the League of Nations.

1934

February

12
- The Austrian Civil WarOn 12 February 1934 in Linz the Social Democratic Schutzbund resisted the police. In four days the army and the Heimwehr crushed the rising; about 350 died.

July

25
- The July Putsch in AustriaOn 25 July 1934 Austrian SS men stormed the Chancellery in Vienna and shot Dollfuss. The putsch failed, and Mussolini sent troops to the Brenner.

1937

November

05
- The secret meeting at the Reich ChancelleryOn 5 November 1937 Hitler set out to the Wehrmacht chiefs and Neurath a plan to win “living space” by force, starting with Austria and Czechoslovakia.

1938

March

13
- Key eventThe AnschlussOn 13 March 1938 Seyss-Inquart's government and Hitler in Linz proclaimed Austria's union with the Reich. The day before, German troops crossed unopposed.

1941

February

15
- Deportations of Jews from ViennaOn 15 February 1941 a train with a thousand Jews left Vienna's Aspang station for Opole Lubelskie. By 12 March five transports had deported some 5,000 people.

1942

April

13
- The execution of Anton SchmidOn 13 April 1942 in Wilno the Wehrmacht shot Feldwebel Anton Schmid, a Viennese who had rescued Jews from the ghetto and helped the Jewish underground.

1944

March

17
- The raid on ViennaOn 17 March 1944 more than 200 Liberators from Italy attacked the Vienna area for the first time – a city regarded until then as the “Reich's air-raid shelter”.

1945

March

29
- The Deutsch Schützen massacreOn 29 March 1945 at Deutsch Schützen in Burgenland the SS shot at least 57 Hungarian Jews – forced labourers building fortifications.
- The Red Army enters AustriaOn 29 March 1945 tanks of the 3rd Ukrainian Front crossed Austria's old border at Klostermarienberg in Burgenland. The road to Vienna lay open.

April

May

05
- The liberation of MauthausenOn 5 May 1945 a patrol of the US 11th Armored Division reached Gusen and Mauthausen. At least 90,000 people died in the camp complex.