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Ewald von Kleist
Person page: Ewald von Kleist →
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(08)
1941
October
08
The Battle of the Sea of Azov
On 8 October 1941 the Germans took Mariupol. Kleist trapped the Soviet 18th and 9th Armies by the Sea of Azov; General Smirnov died in the Chernihivka pocket.
November
21
The Germans take Rostov
On 21 November 1941 Kleist’s 1st Panzer Army took Rostov-on-Don, the gateway to the Caucasus. But the Soviet 37th Army was already striking from the north.
1942
May
18
Kleist's counter-offensive
From 17 May 1942 Kleist's tanks struck the base of the Izium salient from the south; on 19 May Paulus attacked from the north. The Stavka halted too late.
23
The Barvenkovo pocket
On 22–23 May 1942 the German pincers closed south of Balakliia. In the Barvenkovo pocket the Red Army lost three armies and more than 200,000 men.
July
23
The Germans take Rostov
On 23–24 July 1942 the Wehrmacht took Rostov-on-Don for a second time. That day Directive No. 45 ordered simultaneous drives on the Caucasus and Stalingrad.
November
05
The Germans at Ordzhonikidze
In early November 1942 the Germans took Alagir and stood outside Ordzhonikidze. A Soviet counter-attack at Gizel ended their drive on the oil of Grozny.
December
22
The retreat from the Caucasus begins
In late December 1942 defeats at Stalingrad and on the Don threatened to cut off Army Group A. On 28 December Hitler agreed to a withdrawal from the Terek.
1943
January
01
The First Panzer Army withdraws from the Terek
On the night before 1 January 1943 the First Panzer Army began to leave the Terek. On 21 January the Red Army took Stavropol; the Germans got out via Rostov.