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Sweden
Tag
(12)
1939
December
07
Scandinavia, Italy and the Winter War
In early December 1939 Norway and Denmark declared neutrality in the Winter War, Italy reaffirmed its “non-belligerence”, and Sweden declared no neutrality.
1940
February
14
Volunteers for Finland
On 14 February 1940 the British government allowed volunteers to serve in the Finnish army. Swedes, Hungarians, Americans and Estonians also went to Finland.
1941
June
25
The Engelbrecht Division’s transit through Sweden
On 25 June 1941 Sweden agreed to let the armed German 163rd Infantry Division travel by rail from Norway to Finland – a breach in its neutrality.
1943
August
05
Sweden ends the German transit traffic
On 5 August 1943 Sweden announced it had terminated the agreement allowing German troops and war material to travel by rail between Norway and the Reich.
September
30
Key event
The rescue of the Danish Jews
In late September 1943 Danes began hiding Jews from a round-up and ferrying them by boat to Sweden. More than 7,000 were saved; about 470 were deported.
1944
January
19
Operation Outward in Sweden
On the night of 19–20 January 1944 two trains collided at Laholm in Sweden. A British balloon from Operation Outward contributed to the accident.
February
16
Finnish peace feelers
On 16 February 1944 Juho Kusti Paasikivi met Alexandra Kollontai in Stockholm to learn the Soviet peace terms. No armistice was signed at that stage.
March
21
Finland rejects the Soviet terms
On 21 March 1944 Moscow announced that Finland had not accepted its peace terms. That same day Helsinki agreed to send a delegation to Moscow.
June
23
The declaration of the National Committee of the Estonian Republic
The manifesto “To the Estonian people”, dated 23 June 1944, proclaimed Estonia's continuity as a state. Issued in Stockholm in July, in Estonia in August.
September
18
The Otto Tief government
On 18 September 1944 Jüri Uluots appointed Otto Tief's government. It proclaimed Estonia's continuity and neutrality, but within days the Red Army crushed it.
December
15
The loss of Ruhnu
On 15 December 1944 the Germans left Ruhnu in the Gulf of Riga, the last scrap of Estonia they held. Soviet troops took the island on 19 December.
1945
April
24
Himmler's offer
In Lübeck on the night of 23/24 April 1945 Himmler offered, via Count Bernadotte, to surrender to the Western Allies alone. Truman and Churchill refused.