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United States

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1939

January

25
- Uranium fission at Columbia UniversityOn 25 January 1939 physicists at Columbia University in New York carried out the first experiment in America confirming the fission of the uranium nucleus.

April

14
- Roosevelt's appeal to Hitler and MussoliniOn 14 April 1939 Roosevelt asked Hitler and Mussolini to pledge not to attack 31 named states. Hitler ridiculed the appeal in the Reichstag.

September

01
- Roosevelt’s appeal to spare civiliansOn 1 September 1939 Roosevelt urged the belligerents not to bomb civilians. Hitler gave his pledge on the very day the Luftwaffe destroyed Wieluń.
05
- The United States declares neutralityOn 5 September 1939 Roosevelt proclaimed US neutrality and an arms embargo on all belligerents, Poland included. A neutrality patrol and an emergency followed.
25
- The Pan-American Conference in PanamaIn September 1939 the foreign ministers of 21 American republics met in Panama. Their declaration of 3 October set a war-free zone around the Americas.

October

November

04
- The United States adopts cash and carryOn 4 November 1939 Roosevelt signed a new Neutrality Act. It lifted the arms embargo: belligerents could buy arms for cash and carry them in their own ships.
- The end of the City of Flint affairOn 3 November 1939 the Germans brought the captured City of Flint into Haugesund. That night Norway returned her to the Americans and interned the prize crew.