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Bolsheviks
Tag
(09)
1917
November
07
Key event
The October Revolution
On 7 November 1917 Lenin's Bolsheviks took Petrograd almost unopposed and toppled the Provisional Government. The road to civil war and the USSR began.
1919
February
14
Key event
The Polish–Soviet War begins
On 14 February 1919 Polish troops clashed with the Red Army at Mosty on the Neman and at Bereza Kartuska. A war began that would last until the autumn of 1920.
March
02
The founding of the Comintern
On 2 March 1919 communists from many countries met in the Kremlin. On 4 March they founded the Third International to build a world republic of soviets.
1921
March
07
The Kronstadt rebellion
On 7 March 1921 the Red Army began its assault on Kronstadt, whose sailors demanded free soviets without the Bolsheviks. The revolt was crushed on 18 March.
18
The Peace of Riga
On 18 March 1921 Poland made peace with Soviet Russia and Soviet Ukraine at Riga, ending the war and fixing the eastern border the USSR broke in 1939.
July
13
The Russian famine
On 13 July 1921 Maxim Gorky appealed to the world to save starving Russia. The Volga famine, caused by drought and requisitions, killed an estimated 5 million.
1922
October
25
The end of the Russian Civil War
On 25 October 1922 the Japanese left Vladivostok and the Far Eastern Republic’s army marched in. The last White bastion fell and the civil war was over.
1924
January
21
The death of Lenin
On 21 January 1924 Lenin died at Gorki near Moscow. His body was placed in a mausoleum, and a struggle for power began in the party, which Stalin won.
February
01
Britain recognises the USSR
On 1 February 1924 the first Labour government recognised the Soviet Union de jure. Britain was the first victorious great power to break Moscow's isolation.