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Hermann Göring
Person page: Hermann Göring →
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(22)
1932
August
30
Göring becomes President of the Reichstag
On 30 August 1932 the new Reichstag elected Hermann Göring its president. The NSDAP, the largest party, took the third office of state with Centre Party votes.
1933
April
26
The founding of the Gestapo
On 26 April 1933 Göring set up the Prussian political police as a separate Secret State Police Office. Under Himmler and Heydrich it became a byword for terror.
May
15
The founding of the Luftwaffe
On 15 May 1933 the military air staffs passed to Göring’s ministry. The day is seen as the birth of the Luftwaffe, which Hitler revealed to the world in 1935.
1934
April
20
Himmler takes over the political police
By spring 1934 Himmler headed the political police of almost every German state except Prussia. He took over the Gestapo on 20 April, all police only in 1936.
1936
October
18
Göring in charge of the Four-Year Plan
On 18 October 1936 Hitler gave Göring power over the German economy. Within four years the army was to be ready for action and the economy fit for war.
1939
January
24
Göring entrusts Heydrich with Jewish emigration
On 24 January 1939 Göring ordered a Reich Central Office for Jewish Emigration under Heydrich. The SS and police took over the expulsion of Germany’s Jews.
March
23
The German–Romanian economic agreement
On 23 March 1939 in Bucharest, Germany and Romania signed a treaty on economic relations, opening the way for the Reich to Romanian oil, grain and timber.
September
01
Hitler’s Reichstag speech
On 1 September 1939 Hitler told the Reichstag at the Kroll Opera House that since 5.45 Germany had been “returning fire”. He cast the war as self-defence.
1940
August
01
Directive No. 17
On 1 August 1940 Hitler ordered the Luftwaffe to defeat the RAF quickly. Sea Lion was to be ready by 15 September; the decision hinged on the air war.
13
Key event
Adlertag
On 13 August 1940, “Eagle Day”, the Luftwaffe struck at RAF airfields. Muddled orders and poor intelligence meant Fighter Command was barely touched.
September
07
Key event
The Blitz begins
On 7 September 1940 the Luftwaffe struck London's docks instead of RAF airfields. More than 400 people were dead by morning. So began the Blitz.
1941
May
10
Key event
The last night of the Blitz
On the night of 10–11 May 1941 bombs killed 1,436 people in London and destroyed the House of Commons chamber. It was the Blitz's last great raid.
July
31
Key event
Göring’s order to Heydrich
On 31 July 1941 Göring authorised Heydrich to prepare a “total solution of the Jewish question” in the German sphere of influence in Europe.
November
17
The suicide of Ernst Udet
On 17 November 1941 Colonel General Ernst Udet, head of Luftwaffe equipment, shot himself in Berlin. Propaganda claimed he died testing a new weapon.
1942
April
26
The last session of the Reichstag
On 26 April 1942 the Reichstag met for the last time. By acclamation it declared that Hitler was not bound by law and could remove anyone, judges included.
27
The Amerikabomber project
On 27 April 1942 a 33-page plan to bomb the USA from Europe via the Azores was completed. The “Amerikabomber” produced only a few prototypes.
July
18
The first jet flight of the Me 262
On 18 July 1942 at Leipheim Fritz Wendel flew the third Me 262 prototype, for the first time on jet power alone. The aircraft entered service in 1944.
December
13
The Stalingrad airlift
In mid-December 1942 the Luftwaffe flew only a fraction of the Sixth Army's needs into the pocket. On 16 December Little Saturn hit the Italians on the Don.
1943
January
05
The Inter-Allied Declaration against acts of dispossession
On 5 January 1943 in London, 17 governments and the French National Committee vowed to void seizures of property in occupied lands, even “legal” ones.
1945
April
20
Hitler's last birthday
On 20 April 1945 Hitler turned 56 in the bunker beneath the Reich Chancellery. The leaders offered their wishes, and that evening most of them left Berlin.
23
Göring's telegram
On 23 April 1945 Göring asked Hitler if he should take over power in the Reich. Hitler called it treason and stripped him of office; Greim took the Luftwaffe.
May
07
Göring taken prisoner
On 7 May 1945 Hermann Göring, freed from SS arrest, surrendered to the Americans in Austria. He hoped to meet Eisenhower but ended up in prison and in the dock.