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Czechoslovakia

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1937

November

05
- The secret meeting at the Reich ChancelleryOn 5 November 1937 Hitler set out to the Wehrmacht chiefs and Neurath a plan to win “living space” by force, starting with Austria and Czechoslovakia.

1938

September

27
- Roosevelt's appeal to HitlerOn 27 September 1938, at the height of the Sudeten crisis, Roosevelt again urged Hitler to keep negotiating and proposed a conference of the nations concerned.
30
- Key eventThe Munich AgreementOn 29–30 September 1938 Hitler, Chamberlain, Daladier and Mussolini signed in Munich an agreement giving Germany the Sudetenland. Prague was not consulted.

1939

March

September

October

November

December

20
- Britain recognises the Czechoslovak National CommitteeOn 20 December 1939 London recognised Beneš’s Committee as representing Czechs and Slovaks and entitled to rebuild an army in France – but not as a government.

1940

July

21
- The Czechoslovak government-in-exileOn 21 July 1940 London recognised the Provisional Czechoslovak Government. Beneš became president, Monsignor Jan Šrámek PM and Jan Masaryk foreign minister.

1942

January

13
- The St James's Declaration on war crimesOn 13 January 1942, at St James's Palace, nine occupied countries made the punishment of crimes against civilians one of the principal aims of the war.

May

27
- Key eventThe assassination of HeydrichOn 27 May 1942 in Prague the Czechoslovak parachutists Gabčík and Kubiš gravely wounded Reinhard Heydrich. He died on 4 June; the Germans answered with terror.

June

1943

April

15
- The raids on Stuttgart and PilsenOn the night of 14–15 April 1943 the RAF bombed Stuttgart. Two nights later a raid on the Škoda works at Pilsen missed its target, and 36 bombers were lost.

1944

October

06
- At the Dukla PassOn 6 October 1944 troops of the 1st Czechoslovak Army Corps and the 38th Army crossed the Dukla Pass into Slovakia after a month of bloody fighting.

1945

February

14
- The bombing of PragueOn 14 February 1945 B-17s bound for Dresden bombed Prague by navigational error. 701 people died and the Emmaus Monastery was among the buildings destroyed.

April

04
- The capture of BratislavaOn 4 April 1945 troops of the 2nd Ukrainian Front took Bratislava. Tiso's government had already fled to Austria; the Slovak State ceased to exist.

May