Politics
Munich Agreement
The agreement between Germany, Italy, Britain and France of 29–30 September 1938 which, without Czechoslovakia taking part, handed the Sudetenland to Germany. A symbol of the appeasement of Hitler.
On the night of 29–30 September 1938 Hitler, Mussolini, Chamberlain and Daladier signed the agreement in Munich under which Czechoslovakia was to hand over the Sudetenland, a border region with a German majority, to Germany between 1 and 10 October. Prague's representatives were kept out of the talks, and the Czechoslovak government accepted the terms under pressure from London and Paris. Chamberlain returned to London convinced he had secured 'peace for our time'.
Poland, which occupied Zaolzie in early October after an ultimatum, and Hungary also profited from Czechoslovakia's weakness. In March 1939 Germany seized the rest of the Czech lands, which led Britain to abandon appeasement and give Poland a guarantee. 'Munich' became a byword for capitulation to an aggressor.
Sources
In the chronicle
(59)59 articles use this term.
1934
1938
1939
- 27 JanuaryPlan Z
- 14 MarchThe proclamation of the Slovak State
- 15 MarchGermany occupies Bohemia and Moravia
- 15 MarchHungary occupies Carpatho-Ukraine
- 20 MarchThe German ultimatum to Lithuania
- 21 MarchGerman demands on Poland
- 23 MarchThe German–Romanian economic agreement
- 23 MarchThe Slovak–Hungarian War begins
- 23 MarchThe Slovak–Hungarian War
- 25 MarchThe Italian ultimatum to Albania
- 3 AprilFall Weiss
- 28 AprilHitler renounces the naval agreement and the declaration with Poland
- 17 MayThe Scandinavian countries reject pacts with Germany
- 22 MayThe Pact of Steel
- 23 AugustThe Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
- 26 AugustThe Jablunkov incident
- 1 SeptemberInvasion of Poland
- 3 SeptemberThe Legion of Czechs and Slovaks
- 4 SeptemberThe British Expeditionary Force in France
- 5 SeptemberBritain withdraws recognition of Slovakia
- 6 SeptemberSouth Africa declares war on Germany
- 6 SeptemberRomania declares neutrality
- 9 OctoberThe Case Yellow directive
- 17 OctoberThe Czechoslovak National Committee in Paris
- 20 OctoberThe encyclical Summi Pontificatus
- 28 OctoberDemonstrations in Prague
- 30 OctoberThe British White Paper on concentration camps
- 8 NovemberElser’s assassination attempt
- 22 NovemberHodža’s Slovak National Council
- 26 NovemberGermany hands Polish land to Slovakia
- 20 DecemberBritain recognises the Czechoslovak National Committee
- 31 DecemberGoebbels’s New Year speech
1940
- 18 MarchHitler and Mussolini meet at the Brenner Pass
- 21 MarchPaul Reynaud becomes Prime Minister of France
- 10 MayChurchill becomes Prime Minister
- 21 JulyThe Czechoslovak government-in-exile
- 30 AugustThe Second Vienna Award
- 9 OctoberChurchill becomes leader of the Conservative Party
- 7 NovemberIreland refuses the use of its ports
- 9 NovemberThe death of Neville Chamberlain
- 11 NovemberThe attack on Taranto